Can the police officer who arrested you persuade another officer to press additional charges against you?

The sad thing is that you can be arrested for anything. It may or may not lead to charges. There is a lot more to this than you are letting onto. There is a statute of limitation on crimes too and that might come into play. Remember that an arrest is based on probable cause and the conviction is based on beyond a reasonable doubt. Any point in the middle can be a point of dismissal.